公司变更当天临时DOC与临时SMC签发的顺序和期限（ISM规则第14章）
船舶移交给新管理公司的那一天，船上的SMC是一张绑在前一家公司DOC上的证书。ISM规则13.1规定营运船舶的公司必须持有与该船相关的DOC或临时DOC，SMC格式则写明只有在DOC有效期间证书才有效。公司一变，这条连接就断了。
填补这一空白的是第14章的临时证书。第14章是决议MSC.104(73)新增的一章，于2002年7月1日生效。临时DOC发给公司，临时SMC发给船舶，两者的期限和条件各不相同。
本文以公司变更当天为起点，按顺序走一遍。哪张证书先出来，各自能用多久，签发前核实什么，以及两者如何绑在一起。
临时DOC在公司新设或增加船型时签发，最长12个月
14.1 An Interim Document of Compliance may be issued to facilitate initial implementation of this Code when: .1 a Company is newly established; or .2 new ship types are to be added to an existing Document of Compliance, following verification that the Company has a safety management system that meets the objectives of paragraph 1.2.3 of this Code, provided the Company demonstrates plans to implement a safety management system meeting the full requirements of this Code within the period of validity of the Interim Document of Compliance.
事由有两种。公司新设立，以及在现有DOC上增加新船型。一家已有公司接手一条船，而该船型已在其DOC上，就不需要临时DOC。该公司现有的DOC本身就与这条船相关。
签发条件也有两项。核实公司的安全管理体系满足1.2.3的目标，以及证明有计划在临时DOC有效期内实施满足规则全部要求的体系。
Such an Interim Document of Compliance should be issued for a period not exceeding 12 months by the Administration or by an organization recognized by the Administration or, at the request of the Administration, by another Contracting Government. A copy of the Interim Document of Compliance should be placed on board in order that the master of the ship, if so requested, may produce it for verification by the Administration or by an organization recognized by the Administration or for the purposes of the control referred to in regulation IX/6.2 of the Convention. The copy of the document is not required to be authenticated or certified.
期限不得超过12个月。和正式DOC一样，船上放副本，副本不需要公证或认证。
临时SMC在三种情况下签发，最长6个月，特殊情况下再加6个月
14.2 An Interim Safety Management Certificate may be issued: .1 to new ships on delivery; or .2 when a Company takes on responsibility for the operation of a ship which is new to the Company; or .3 when a ship changes flag. Such an Interim Safety Management Certificate should be issued for a period not exceeding 6 months by the Administration or an organization recognized by the Administration or, at the request of the Administration, by another Contracting Government.
事由有三种。新船交付、公司承接一条对其而言是新船的营运责任，以及改换船旗。管理公司变更属于第二种。期限不得超过6个月。
14.3 An Administration or, at the request of the Administration, another Contracting Government may, in special cases, extend the validity of an Interim Safety Management Certificate for a further period which should not exceed 6 months from the date of expiry.
展期只能由主管机关或应其请求的另一缔约国政府在特殊情况下办理，自到期日起不得超过6个月。临时SMC格式上另有展期栏。第14章没有临时DOC的展期条款。
签发临时SMC之前核实六项
14.4 An Interim Safety Management Certificate may be issued following verification that: .1 the Document of Compliance, or the Interim Document of Compliance, is relevant to the ship concerned; .2 the safety management system provided by the Company for the ship concerned includes key elements of this Code and has been assessed during the audit for issuance of the Document of Compliance or demonstrated for issuance of the Interim Document of Compliance; .3 the Company has planned the audit of the ship within three months; .4 the master and officers are familiar with the safety management system and the planned arrangements for its implementation; .5 instructions, which have been identified as being essential, are provided prior to sailing; and .6 relevant information on the safety management system has been given in a working language or languages understood by the ship’s personnel.
六项按顺序读。第一，DOC或临时DOC必须与该船相关。先有公司一侧的证书，才会有船舶一侧的证书。第二，公司提供给该船的安全管理体系必须包含规则的关键要素，并且已在DOC审核中评估过或在签发临时DOC时得到证明。
第三，公司必须已在3个月内安排了该船的审核。MSC.273(85)在这一项加入了internal，明确这次审核是公司自己的内部审核。第四，船长和高级船员必须熟悉安全管理体系及其实施安排。第五，被确定为必不可少的须知必须在开航前提供。第六，关于安全管理体系的信息必须以船员能理解的工作语言给出。
第四到第六项是在船上确认的。公司变更当天船长和高级船员不了解新体系，临时SMC的条件就不成立。
先审办公室，再审船
主管机关一侧的程序在决议A.1118(30)指南的4.2。
4.2.3 The process of interim verification for the issuance of an Interim Document of Compliance undertaken by the Administration would require an assessment at the company’s offices in accordance with paragraph 14.1 of the ISM Code.
4.2.4 On satisfactory completion of the assessment of the shoreside safety management system, arrangements/planning may commence for the assessment of applicable ships in the company’s fleet.
公司向主管机关申请临时发证后，主管机关按14.1先评估公司办公室。岸上体系评估满意完成之后，才开始筹划对船队中相关船舶的评估。船舶的临时审核按14.4核实该船是否已配备安全管理体系。
4.2.6 On satisfactory completion of the interim verification, an Interim Document of Compliance will be issued to the company; copies should be made available by the company to each shoreside premises and each applicable ship in the company’s fleet. As each ship is assessed and issued with an Interim Safety Management Certificate, a copy of the certificate should also be forwarded to the company’s head office.
临时DOC签发后，公司把副本发到每一处岸上场所和每一条相关船舶。船舶取得临时SMC后，副本反过来送到总部。证书副本是双向流动的结构。
DOC被撤销时临时证书也随之失效
13.5.1 All associated Safety Management Certificates and/or Interim Safety Management Certificates should also be withdrawn if the Document of Compliance is withdrawn.
13.5.1不区分正式SMC和临时SMC。DOC被撤销，两者都被撤销。临时SMC格式也写明只有在DOC或临时DOC有效期间证书才有效。如果公司一侧的证书是临时DOC，那么临时DOC到期的那一刻，临时SMC也随之失效。
把两张证书并排放在一起是这样的。
| 临时DOC | 临时SMC | |
|---|---|---|
| 签发对象 | 公司 | 船舶 |
| 签发事由 | 公司新设、增加船型 | 新船交付、对公司而言的新船、改换船旗 |
| 期限上限 | 12个月 | 6个月 |
| 展期 | 无条款 | 特殊情况下6个月 |
| 船上存放 | 副本 | 证书（副本送总部） |
需要确认的事
本文只讨论MSC.104(73)新增的第14章正文、MSC.273(85)对14.4.3的修改，以及A.1118(30)的4.2。第14章写的是主管机关可以签发临时证书，是否签发以及按什么程序，要遵循船旗国和认可组织的要求。那条船临时SMC的到期日、排在3个月内的内部审核日期，以及公司一侧的DOC是正式的还是临时的，才是实际判断的起点。
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以下链接指向本文所述文件的官方发布机构。请核对文中注明的版本与条款，并在实际适用前确认后续修订及船旗国的实施要求。
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临时SMC的6个月比正式证书短，而且内部审核必须排在这段时间之内。Bellbook把临时证书的签发机构和到期日放进船舶证书台账，并在船队日历上按临近顺序显示。
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